Abraham Lincoln (born in Hardin County, Kentucky, February 12, 1809 - died in Washington, D.C., April 15, 1865 at the age of 56) is the 16th President of the United States, serving from 4 March 1861 until his murder. He led his people out of the American Civil War, maintained national unity, and abolished slavery. However, when the war was nearing its end, he became the first US president to be killed. Prior to his inauguration in 1860 as Republican's first president, Lincoln was a lawyer, Illinois legislator, member of the House of Representatives, and twice failed in the election of senate members. As an opponent of slavery, Lincoln won the Republican presidential nomination of the United States in 1860 and was later elected president. His reign was colored by the defeat of the American Confederate State, which was pro-slavery, in the American Civil War. He issued a decree ordering the abolition of slavery through the Proclamation of Emancipation in 1863, and added the Thirteenth Article into the US Constitution in 1865. Lincoln closely monitored the war, including the selection of warlords such as Ulysses S. Grant. Historians conclude that Lincoln organizes factions within the Republican Party well, bringing each faction leader into his cabinet and forcing them to cooperate. Lincoln succeeded in defusing tension with Britain following the Trent Scandal in 1861. Under his leadership the North managed to occupy the South from the beginning of the war. Lincoln was re-elected as US president in 1864. The war opponents criticized Lincoln for his refusal to compromise on slavery. Conversely, the Radical Republican conservatives, the pro-abolitionist Republican factional party, criticized Lincoln for his slow attitude in the abolition of slavery. Despite obstacles, Lincoln managed to unite public opinion through his rhetoric and speech; His best speech was the Gettysburg Speech. Near the end of the war, Lincoln was moderate toward reconstruction, coveting the reunion of the nation through a soft reconciliation policy. His successor, Andrew Johnson, also craved white reunions, but failed to defend the right of the newly freed slaves. Lincoln is considered the most powerful US president in American history.
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar